Gas-producer



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GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.28|`1919.

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)I UM- v 'i I ATTORNEYJ 4 N .w @www u# N-. c N

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS GLOUSTON, 0F VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

Gas-PRODUCER.

To all/whom t may concern:

Be it known that I', THOMAS CnoUs'roN, a citizen of the Dominion ofCanada, residing at Vancouver, in the Province of British Columbia,Canada, have 4invented certain new and useful Improvements inGas-Producers, of which the following is'a speci-v cation. v A

Thisinvention relates to a gas generator for obtaining producer gas frompowdered carbonaceousor from liquid fuel, such as crude oil, thegenerator being designed to give a continuous supply of producery gaswith complete gasification of the fuel charge and vwithout volatileconstituents that re- Figure 1 is a verticallongitudinal section.

Fig. 2, a cross section on the line 2-2 in Fig. 1, and

Fig, 3, an end elevation of the generating chamber, being aY sectionthrough the fuel delivery on the line .3-3 in Flg. 1, and

Fig. 4 shows in .cross section to a reducedl scale 'a modification ofthe generator` as for application to a furnace where there 1sconsumption of the gas as generated, and

Fig. 5 shows a modification in the fuel delivery adapted for a liquid'fuel such as crude oil.

In these drawings 2 represents an outer casing within which .issustained in an interspace 4 filled with broken refractory material agenerating chamber 3 of similar refractory material.

This generating chamber 3 is preferably D-shaped in cross sectiondisposed as shown in Fig. 2. "It is closed at both ends and has verticalslits 5 along both sides.

Extending along the bottomof the combustion chamber 3 in the middle linefromy one end to a short distance from the other is an elongatedcylindrical mixing chamber 6. This mixing chamber 6 is lopen at bothends and at one end passes through the end of the generating chamber. Itmay be integral with the generating chamber 3, but 1S' preferably aseparate part inserted through is accom Specication of Letters Patent.-Patented `])((514:, 1920 VApplication led August 28, 1919-. Serial No.320,424.

the end of the chamber 3 and retained in position therein by anysuitabley means.

A gas uptake pipe 7 is connected to the outer casing 2 about themidlength of the chamber and delivers the gas as generated to the placeof consumption or to Ia gas holder or storage reservoir.

To the end of the mixing chamber 6 which 4passes through the end of thegenerating chamber 3 is connected a relatively shortl chamber 8`formingan outward prolongation ofthe mixing chamber, within the"end of which itconically projects, as lat 9. 'Into the end.' of this chamber 8 isaxially inserted a fuel delivery nozzle 10 to which finely dividedcarbonaceous fuel is delivered through a pipe 11 from a hopper 12located above it. The lower endof the hoppeil de- 'livers into thehorizontally turned end lof the pipe 11 in which is connected an aii`delivery pipe 13 having anpoutwardly flared end. The inner end of theairvdelivery pipe extends across the hopper delivery and is adjust-ableby a screwithread in4 its distance from the angle of slope of thepowdered fuel to control the amount carried to the burner.

Delivering axially into the fuel delivery nozzle 10 and endwiseadjustable in front of the fuel pipe 11 is a steam delivery nozzle 14 towhich steam is delivered from a pipe 15 which passes lengthwise alongthe upper side of the combustion chamber and between it and the casing2. Vater is delivered to this pipe 15 from a reservoir 16, the supplybeing controlled by a stop valve 17 and a regulator 18 is introduced inlthe steam pipe between where it emerges from the casing 2 and itsconnection to the injector nozzle 14. This regulator 18 is controlled bya gas pressure governor 19 which is connected to the gas delivery pipe7, so that the' pressure of the gas as delivered controls the A on eachside in line with. the bottom tifs-the space between the mixing chamber6 and the wall of the combustion chamber 3, through which apertures theflue dust may be removed periodically.

A removable cap 25 closes the end opposite the steam delivery nozzle 14,which cap may be removed to allow initial heating of the chamber 6 andignition 'of the gases therein, after which the jet of steam generatedin the p'ipe 15 and delivered through'v the nozzle 14 into the mixingvchamber 6 forms a partial vacuum in the fuel delivery pipe 11 whichindraws the carbonaceous fuel from the hopper 12 and the air from 13.

This carbonaceous fuel and air is projected through the nozzle 9 intothe mixing chamber 6, indrawing with it a supply of heatperature intheir exit fromthe chamber 3 through4 the rubble filling 4 encouragescontact of the CU2 with the remaining )articles of incandescent carbon,to form C which with the free hydrogen constitutes the producer gasdesired.

In the dissociation of the gases of the steam, heat is absorbed which isreturned later when the free hydrogen lis consumed This reduction oftemperature is advantageous as it protects the combustion chamber fromthe destructive effect wh ich the heat of complete combustion would haveon the material of the chamber.

It must be distinctly understood that, although the arrangement shown isfor the delivery of the carhonaceous fuel in the powderedv form, thesame 'construction of generator is applicable to the' use of fuel in aliquid form, such as crude oil, the only difference being in the mannerof feeding vthe oil fuel to the burner.

surface that it can be taken up by the air indrawn at 33 by the steamjet at 14.

The advantages of this process of gas genconstituents of thecarbonaceous fuel are lcompletely gasilied, combining directly with Vtheair and steam to form a producer gas without any residue of condensablematter. These favorable results are. attributable to the delivery of thefuel, whether solid or liquid, in a linely divided state, with aproperly proportioned supply of air by means of a jet of steam into anelongated chamber of relatively small cross section area and with ampleo-bstructed discharge delivery through the slits and rubble.

The total area of the slits 5 is approximately twice the cross sectionarea of the mixing chamber 6, which is considerable in relation to thatof the gas delivery pipe 7, so that the ,draft through the slits andthrough the iiiterspaces of the' material in 4 is comparatively light,and the gases have time to effect the desired combination,` The {iuedust or ash resulting from the combustion of the powdered fuel is nottherefore indrawn to the rubble to any large extent but is depositedwithin the combustion chamber 3 and is removable through the cleaningapertures provided.

lt is obvioils that, if the casing 2 is open in the top, as shown inFig. 4, the gas may be consumed, as generated, if the air necessary for4coinlnistion is separately supplied as to a furnace.

Having now particularly described my invention, l hereby declare thatwhat l claim as new and desire to protected in by Letters Patent, is:

1. A gas producer, comprising an elongated generating chamber ofrefractory 'material f sides and mixing chamber extending from oneend'to a short distance from the'other, said generating chamber'supported within a casing in rubble of refractory" material,

and means for deliveringiinely divided carbonaceous fuel with heated airand steam axiall into one end of the mixing chamber.

2. gas producer, comprising an elongated generating chamber ofrefractory may terial vhaving gas delivery apertures ink its walls 'anda mixing chamber extending lengthwise from one end to a short distancefrom the other, a casing wall retaining a filling of broken refractorymaterial in close contact with the top, bottom and sides of thegenerator, and means for delivering finely divided carbonaceous fuelwith air and steam axially into one end of the mixing chamber.

3. gas producer, comprising an elongated generating chamber of refractormaterial having apetured walls and wit in it a mixing chamber extendingyfrom one end of the generating chamber to a short distance from t leother end, said generating chamber lao i supported within an externalcasing with a rubble filling of refractory material in the space betweenthe generator and the casi-ng, means for delivering finely dividedcarbonaceous fuel with heated air and a jet of steam axially into oneend of the mixing chamber, and means for withdrawing the gas from theexternal casing.

4. A gas producer, comprising the combination with an elongatedgenerating chamber with means for delivering gas therefrom through arubble of refractory material sur.' 'rounding the generator, a burnerprojected v axially into the mixing chamber, said burner burner.

5. A gas producer, comprising an elongated chamber of-refractorymaterial D- shaped in cross section having vertically disposed slitsalong each side, and a mixing chamber lengthwise disposed along thebottom or fiat side from one end to a short distance from the other, anexternal casing retaining a rubble of refractory material in contactwith the walls of'the generator, air' ducts supported above the casingthrough which air is delivered to a burner projected axially within themixing chamber, a'fuel delivery nozzle projected into the back end ofthe burner, means for delivering finely divided carbonaceous fuel to thefuel nozzle, a steam jet projected intoythe back end of the fuel nozzle,a pipe dispbsed lengthwise over the generator within the casing, means`for delivering a regulated supply of waterto one end of this pipe theother end of which is connected to the steam delivery nozzle.

6. A gas producer, comprising an elonv gated chamber of refractorymaterial having gas'delivery slits disposed along eachside,

and a mixing chamber lengthwlse disposed along the bottom from one endto a short distance from the other, an external casing retaining arubble of refractory material in contact with the Walls of thegenerator, said chamber having a gas delivery duct from it, means forprojecting a jet of finely divided carbona'ceous .fuel with air andsteam into the end of the mixing chamber, means for heating the airbefore such delivery, and means coperative with the pressure of the gasas delivered from the generator for controlling the amount ofsteam-delivered to the burner.

7. A gas producer, comprising an elonlgated chamber ofrefractoiy`material D- shaped in cross section, the flat sideof the Dbeing horizontally disposed, the side walls of the chamber adjacent theflat side having vertically disposed narrow slits, a cylindrical mixingchamber lengthwise disposed along the bottom within the generatingchamber from one end to a short distance from the other, a casingretaining a rubble of refractory material in contact with the wall ofthe generating chamber, a burner nozzlel projecting axially intoone endof the mixing chambeiymeans for delivering heated air to the burner, afuel delivery nozzle 'proecting axially from the back endtoward theurner nozzle, means for delivering finely vdivided carbonaceous fuel andair to the fuel nozzle, and a steam nozzle projecting axiall from thebackend toward the fuel nozz e, and means for delivering steam to thelast mentioned nozzle. v

In testimony whereof I aiix mv si nature.

THOMAS CLOUS ON.

